What should be regularly monitored when a patient is on NSAIDs?

When a patient is on NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), it is crucial to regularly monitor renal function tests. This is because NSAIDs can significantly affect kidney function, potentially leading to complications such as acute kidney injury or exacerbation of pre-existing renal conditions. The mechanism involves the inhibition of prostaglandins, which play a vital role in maintaining renal blood flow. When prostaglandin synthesis is impaired, particularly in patients who are already at risk (e.g., those with chronic kidney disease, dehydration, or heart failure), it can compromise renal perfusion and function.

Monitoring renal function typically includes assessing serum creatinine levels and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), as well as evaluating urinary output. By closely tracking these parameters, healthcare providers can detect early signs of renal impairment and make necessary adjustments to the NSAID therapy or implement further interventions to protect kidney health.

While monitoring liver function tests, heart rate, and thermal reactions are important in the overall assessment of a patient's health and reaction to medications, they are not specifically linked to the commonly recognized risks associated with NSAIDs. Therefore, focusing on renal function is essential to ensure patient safety while using these medications.