Which of the following NSAIDs is known for having a lower gastrointestinal risk?

Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) classified as a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Unlike traditional NSAIDs, which inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, Celecoxib primarily targets COX-2. The COX-1 enzyme plays a crucial role in the protection of the gastric mucosa; therefore, by sparing COX-1, Celecoxib tends to have a more favorable gastrointestinal safety profile. This selectivity significantly reduces the risk of gastrointestinal irritation, ulcers, and bleeding, which are more common side effects associated with non-selective NSAIDs.

In contrast, other NSAIDs, such as Diclofenac, Meloxicam, and Sulindac, while effective for pain relief and inflammation, have a higher risk of causing gastrointestinal complications because they inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, thus compromising the protective functions of the gastric lining. Consequently, Celecoxib is preferred, especially in patients with a history of gastrointestinal issues or those who require long-term NSAID therapy.